Metatarsalgia: Causes, Symptoms, and Solutions to Relieve Forefoot Pain

Metatarsalgia is a pain located in the forefoot, often felt under the metatarsal heads, i.e., under the base of the toes. It is very common and can affect both athletes and people who regularly wear unsuitable shoes. Understanding its causes and treatments is essential to prevent it from becoming chronic.

What is metatarsalgia?

The term “metatarsalgia” refers to mechanical or inflammatory pain in the metatarsal bones. These bones bear a large portion of the body’s weight when walking and running. When this area is overused or poorly distributed, inflammation or irritation can occur.

The main causes of metatarsalgia

Metatarsalgia can be caused by several factors, including:

1. Unsuitable shoes

   • High heels

   • Shoes too narrow

   • Soles too thin or worn

2. Foot abnormalities

   • Hollow or flat foot

   • Hallux valgus (bunion)

   • Claw or hammer toes

3. Sports overwork

   • Running

   • Repeated jumps

   • Sports with rapid impulses

4. Health problems

   • Osteoarthritis

   • Drop

   • Morton's neuroma

Symptoms

The most common signs are:

• Pain in the forefoot when walking or standing for long periods

• Burning sensation under the toes

• Localized swelling

• Formation of calluses or hard skin

Diagnosis

A podiatrist or sports doctor can make the diagnosis using:

• A clinical examination

• An X-ray or ultrasound

• A gait analysis (podography)

Treatments to relieve metatarsalgia

1. Adjust your shoes

• Wear shoes that are wide in the forefoot

• Choose shock-absorbing soles

• Avoid high heels and spikes

2. Use orthopedic insoles

Custom-made foot orthoses help redistribute support and reduce pressure on the forefoot.

3. Rest and ice

In case of acute pain, reduce physical activity and apply ice for 15 minutes, several times a day.

4. Stretching and muscle strengthening

A physical therapist can offer targeted exercises to loosen and strengthen the muscles of the foot and calf.

5. Medical treatments

In some cases, the doctor may prescribe:

• Anti-inflammatories

• Cortisone injections

• Surgery as a last resort

Prevention

To prevent metatarsalgia from recurring:

• Choosing shoes that suit your body shape

• Use corrective insoles if necessary

• Avoid sports overload

• Maintain a healthy weight

Conclusion

Metatarsalgia is a common but often underestimated problem. Early diagnosis and adjustments to habits (shoes, sports, posture) can usually quickly relieve pain. Don't wait for the discomfort to become chronic: consult a healthcare professional and adopt the right actions.

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